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Chapter 3 Lesson Questions

Chapter 3 Lesson Questions

Q 1. Please answer the questions below for Chapter 3 and submit for grading through the link above. 2. Please give a brief description of a neuron's: Soma, Dendrites, Axon, Terminal Buttons, and Myelin Sheath. 3. What is the Synaptic Cleft and what is it's function related to how neurons communicate? 4. What are Synaptic Vesicles? 5. Please review and list the first 3 processes of synaptic transmission summarized in Figure 3.4. a. What three things could happen if a neurotransmitter does not bind to its receptor site on the postsynaptic dendritic membrane? 6. List at least one "characteristic to behavior" for each of the following neurotransmitters: Acetylcholine, Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Serotonin, and GABA. a. Which two monoamines have been linked to depression? b. What neurotransmitter (at "abnormal" levels) has been implicated in Schizophrenia? 7. Give a brief definition/description of both the Somatic and Autonomic Nervous System. a. If my pupils are dilated, my respiration has increased, and my heart rate is sky-high, what autonomic nervous system has been activated? 8. See Figure 3.10 and list at least one thing associated with these brain structures: Amygdala, Hypothalamus, Hippocampus, Thalamus, Cerebrum, Pons, and Medulla. a. Which "system" contains our "pleasure center" of the brain? 9. List the Four Lobes of the brain and give a brief description for each cortex in the corresponding lobe. 10. Threadlike strands of DNA make up _____________________________ and humans have ____________pairs? 11. In psychology, many of the complex traits we discuss are deemed "polygenic" in nature. What does "polygenic" mean? 12. In Figure 3.22, the correlation between identical twins is higher for both intelligence and extraversion compared to fraternal twins. Genetically, what does that tells us about these two traits? 13. In adoption studies, if adopted-away children are MORE correlated on scores of IQ to their biological parents they never knew compared to their adoptive parents who raised them it tells us what about the genetic and/or environmental influence on IQ?

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1. Please give a brief description of a neuron's: Soma, Dendrites, Axon, Terminal Buttons, and Myelin Sheath. Soma - The cell body of a neuron that contains the cell nucleus and much of the chemical machinery common to most cells. Dendrites - Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information. Axon ¬- A long, thin fiber that transmits signals away from the soma to other neurons or to muscles or glands. Terminal Buttons - Small knobs at the end of axons that secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters.